Measurement
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Measurement Data Component
Title: Annual N2O measurements and associated data: AC0116, Warwickshire, 2013, urine
Related Party - Organisation (Author): ADAS
Related Party - Organisation (Funder): Defra
Related Party - Organisation (Funder): Scottish Government
Related Party - Organisation (Funder): Welsh Assembly Government
Related Party - Organisation (Funder): DAERA Northern Ireland
Abstract:
An experiment was carried out near Stratford-upon-Avon, central England (clay topsoil texture) using small field plots (4.5 x 3.8 m) arranged in a randomised block design with three replicates per treatment. Cattle urine (at 5 L/m2), synthetic urine (at 5 L/m2) and cattle dung (at 20 kg/m2) was applied to grassland in early-May (spring), mid-August (summer) and in mid-October (autumn) 2013. The synthetic urine was prepared using the formulation described for “R2” in the paper by Kool et al., (2006). A control treatment was included where no urine or dung was applied. In a separate treatment, a commercially available nitrification inhibitor was tested; dicyandiamide (DCD) was pre-mixed with the urine prior to application to give an application rate of 10 kg /ha for the DCD. The urine and dung was collected from lactating dairy cows at Reading University, kept refrigerated at <4°C and applied within seven days of collection. Following urine application to five 0.36 m2 areas of the plot (‘urine patches’), measurements of direct N2O-N were made over c.12 months, using 5 static chambers (1 per 0.36 m2 area, giving a total chamber surface area of 0.8 m2) and analysed by gas chromatography. Similarly, dung was applied in five patches (40 cm x 40 cm) so that each patch was completely enclosed by a nitrous oxide static chamber. For soil mineral N and grass N uptake measurements, two additional areas of 2 m x 2 m were treated on each plot; one with 20 litres of urine and one with 80 kg of dung. Grass yields and N offtakes were measured following grass cuts in early-June, early-July and mid-September 2013 from the spring dung and urine application, early-October 2013 and late-June 2014 from the summer dung and urine application, and mid-May 2014 from the autumn dung and urine application. Reference: Kool, D.M., Hoffland, E., Abrahamse, P.A and van Groenigen, J.W. (2006). What artificial urine composition is adequate for simulating soil N2O fluxes and mineral N dynamics Soil Biology and Biochemistry 38, 1757-1763. Where measured, this dataset contains: annual nitrous oxide emissions (kg N2O-N/ha/year), annual nitrous oxide emission factors (% of total nitrogen applied), year experiment started, crop type, previous crop type, age of grass ley, soil texture, soil clay content, soil dry bulk density, soil organic carbon content, soil pH, total rainfall during the experimental period, nitrogen source, experimental treatments, application timing, block number, total nitrogen applied, cumulative ammonia emissions, cumulative nitrate leaching loss, crop yield, crop total nitrogen offtake, dung dry matter, dung pH, dung total nitrogen content, dung ammonium-N content, dung nitrate-N content, urine pH, urine total nitrogen content, urine ammonium-N content, urine nitrate-N content, urine urea-N content, urine allantoin content, urine creatinine content, urine uric acid content and urine hippuric acid content. ND = not determined. NA = not applicable. 'Rainfall during the experimental period' = cumulative rainfall from the first day of urine/dung application to the last day of N2O sampling. The N2O emission factors are calculated using annual cumulative N2O values to 15 decimal places, however the annual cumulative N2O and emission factor values have been reported elsewhere to 2 decimal places.
Subject Keywords: Nitrous oxide; Urine; Dung; Synthetic urine; Nitrification inhibitors; DCD; Grassland soils; Clay soils
Geographic Keywords: Warwickshire
Observed Properties: Allantoin; Ammonia emission; Ammonium-nitrogen; Application timing; Creatinine; Crop nitrogen offtake; Crop yield; Crops; Dry matter content; Emission factor; Experimental blocking; Experimental treatment; Grass ley age; Hippuric acid; Nitrate leaching; Nitrate-nitrogen; Nitrogen source; Nitrous oxide mass flux; Rainfall; Soil clay content; Soil dry bulk density; Soil organic carbon; Soil pH; Soil texture; Total nitrogen; Urea-nitrogen; Uric acid; Year; pH
Parameter: Age of grass ley
Parameter: Annual nitrous oxide emission
Parameter: Annual nitrous oxide emission factor (% of total nitrogen applied)
Parameter: Application timing
Parameter: Block number
Parameter: Clay content
Parameter: Crop total nitrogen offtake
Parameter: Crop type
Parameter: Crop yield
Parameter: Cumulative ammonia emission
Parameter: Cumulative nitrate leaching loss
Parameter: Dung ammonium-N content
Parameter: Dung dry matter
Parameter: Dung nitrate-N content
Parameter: Dung pH
Parameter: Dung total nitrogen content
Parameter: Nitrogen source
Parameter: Previous crop type
Parameter: Rainfall during the experimental period
Parameter: Soil dry bulk density
Parameter: Soil organic carbon
Parameter: Soil pH
Parameter: Soil texture
Parameter: Total nitrogen applied
Parameter: Treatment
Parameter: Urine allantoin content
Parameter: Urine ammonium-N content
Parameter: Urine creatinine content
Parameter: Urine hippuric acid content
Parameter: Urine nitrate-N content
Parameter: Urine pH
Parameter: Urine total nitrogen content
Parameter: Urine urea-N content
Parameter: Urine uric acid content
Parameter: Year experiment started
Geographic Extent - Longitude (West): -1.91 Longitude (East): -1.63 Latitude (South): 52.11 Latitude (North): 52.28 |
Phenomenon Time - Start Date/Time: 2013-05-02 End Date/Time: 2014-10-14
Result Time: 2014-10-14
Valid Time - Start Date/Time: 2013-05-02 End Date/Time: 2014-10-14
Feature of Interest: biosphere
Publication Date: 2017-04-05
This data is made available under the terms of the FBA Licence.
Total file downloads: 430
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